R语言中的函数调用报错，一般不是很精确，很难查找到出错的具体原因。但是在R中可以采用traceback 进行初步的判断。
以下是一个示例：在运行gdcCEAnalysis 这个函数时，报错“names' attribute [11055] must be the same length as the vector [2777]” ，你根本不知道是什么原因导致这个错误。采用traceback函数之后，就会显示函数运行时具体到哪一步存在问题。
> ceOutput <- gdcCEAnalysis(lnc = rownames(deLNC),
+ pc = rownames(dePC),
+ lnc.targets = lnc_miRNA_Targets,
+ pc.targets = gene_miRNA_Targets,
+ rna.expr = rnaExpr,
+ mir.expr = mirExpr)
Error in attributes(.Data) <- c(attributes(.Data), attrib) :
'names' attribute [11055] must be the same length as the vector [2777]
> traceback()
5: structure(res, levels = lv, names = nm, class = "factor")
4: unlist(pc.targets)
3: unique(unlist(pc.targets))
2: hyperTestFun(lnc, pc, deMIR, lnc.targets = lnc.targets, pc.targets = pc.targets)
1: gdcCEAnalysis(lnc = rownames(deLNC), pc = rownames(dePC), lnc.targets = lnc_miRNA_Targets,
pc.targets = gene_miRNA_Targets, rna.expr = rnaExpr, mir.expr = mirExpr)
